Chapter 1.

The Attempt to Escape

Big Bang Cosmology

A month after publication of the Neutrinos do not exist case on CosmicPhilosophy.org that reveals that neutrinos are a dogmatic attempt to escape ∞ infinite divisibility, and a press release by email outreach to science magazines and publishers globally, which was answered with rejection and silence, despite some polite responses, headlines in science media lit up claiming that Dark Energy does not exist.

(2024) Dark energy doesn't exist: Challenging the theory of an expanding universe Source: Phys.org | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Volume 537, Issue 1, February 2025, Pages L55–L60

New study blows dark energy theory to bits ~ Yahoo News

Dark energy mystery is finally SOLVED - as scientists come up with a radical new theory ~ DailyMail

Mysterious dark energy breakthrough as scientists announce radical new theory ~ GBNews

Profound consequences: Canterbury University scientists make dark energy breakthrough ~ Radio New Zealand

Timescape Theory

In a new paper published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters, researchers Antonia Seifert, Zachary G. Lane, Marco Galoppo, Ryan Ridden-Harper led by Professor David L. Wiltshire have proposed a new theory named timescape model that suggests that the appearance of accelerated expansion is an illusion caused by the uneven effects of gravity on the flow of time across different regions of the universe. The differences in time dilation between dense galactic regions and sparse cosmic voids create the impression of accelerated expansion, without the need for dark energy.

The new timescape model theory which is presented in the global media as a new independent theory, actually takes the core idea of 🔴 tired light theory and embeds it within a framework of general relativity.

Here's why the new timescape model theory is to be considered a mask for tired light theory, the original primary challenger of the foundation of Big Bang cosmology since 1929:

Both theories challenge the standard ΛCDM cosmological model and its reliance on dark energy to explain the observed accelerated expansion of the universe.

Tired light theory proposes that the 🔴 redshift of light from distant galaxies is not due to cosmic expansion, but rather some unspecified "interaction" with the intervening space.

The timescape model takes this core premise of the tired light theory - that the observed expansion is an illusion - and grounds it in the well-established principles of general relativity and gravitational time dilation.

By showing how the uneven flow of time across different cosmic structures can create the appearance of accelerated expansion, the timescape model fills the gap left by the tired light theory's lack of a clear physical mechanism.

The Timescape theory is proposed as a foundational change agent for cosmology, without a reference to tired light theory, which is highly questionable.

Tired light theory has been widely rejected and actively suppressed by the status quo of science since the adoption and dogmatic protection of Big Bang cosmology.

The following chapters will reveal that the Timescape theory might be an attempt by science to escape their decades ongoing scientific-inquisitory suppression of the original primary challenger of the Big Bang theory, the 🔴 tired light theory.

Chapter 1.2.

Doppler Interpretation of 🔴 Redshift

The Doppler effect is a simple concept: As a train approaches you, the sound of the train's horn seems to get higher in pitch. Then, as the train passes you and moves away, the sound of the horn seems to get lower in pitch. This change in pitch is due to the Doppler effect and this effect is used today to explain why the light from distant galaxies appears to be shifted towards longer, or redder, wavelengths.

American astronomer Edwin Hubble used the Doppler interpretation of 🔴 redshift to deduce in 1929 that the Universe was expanding, and correlated with that, that the Universe at one point in time must have been compressed into a Cosmic Egg, in alignment with ancient religious creation myths across cultures including traditions of Chinese, Indian, pre-Colombian, and African cultures, as well as the biblical book of Genesis, that all describe (clearly in allegorical terms) a distinct beginning of 🕒 time — whether it’s the creation in six days of Genesis or the Cosmic Egg of the ancient Indian text the Rig Veda.

The Big Bang theory was originally named Cosmic Egg theory and was proposed by Catholic priest Georges Lemaître for a day without a yesterday in line with the book of Genesis of the Bible.

In science's Big Bang cosmology today, the Cosmic Egg is called a primordial atom that represents a mathematical singularity or potential ∞ infinity.

The Doppler interpretation of redshift is the foundation of Big Bang cosmology.

Chapter 1.3.

Tired Light Theory

Swiss-American astronomer Fritz Zwicky proposed the 🔴 tired light theory in 1929 as an alternative theory to explain the observed redshift aligned with the idea of an ∞ infinite Universe.

The basic premise of the tired light theory is that the redshift is caused by a physical process that causes light to lose energy as it travels through space. This process is often referred to as photon fatigue or photon aging, where the photons essentially become tired as they travel through the cosmos.

(2018) Tired Light Denies the Big Bang Source: Scientists Ming-Hui Shao, Na Wang and Zhi-Fu Gao(2014) Tired Light refutes the big bang theory Source: tiredlight.net(2022) New Tired-Light Theory Explains Redshift and CMB in an Infinite Universe Source: tiredlight.org

The Tired Light theory faced scientific-inquisitory (ideology driven) suppression.

Academics have been barred from doing certain research, which includes criticizing the Big Bang theory. Well-known science writer Eric J. Lerner wrote the following in 2022:

It has become almost impossible to publish papers critical of the Big Bang in any astronomical journals.

(2022) The Big Bang didn't happen Source: The Institute of Art and Ideas

Chapter 1.4.

Banned for Questioning the Big Bang Theory

The author of CosmicPhilosophy.org has been an early critic of the Big Bang theory since around 2008-2009 when his philosophical investigation on behalf of 🦋Zielenknijper.com revealed that the Big Bang theory could be considered the ultimate underpinning of the 🦋 free will abolishment movement that he was investigating.

As a critic of the Big Bang theory, the author has experienced the scientific-inquisitory suppression of Big Bang criticism first hand.

In June 2021, the author was banned on Space.com for questioning the Big Bang theory. The post discussed mysteriously lost papers by Albert Einstein that challenged the official narrative.

Mysteriously lost papers by Albert Einstein that he submitted to the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin were found in Jerusalem in 2013...

(2024) Getting Einstein to Say I Was Wrong Source: Chapter 2.

The post, which discussed the growing perception among some scientists that the Big Bang theory has taken on religious-like status, had garnered several thoughtful responses. However, it was abruptly deleted rather than simply closed, as is the usual practice on Space.com. This unusual action raised questions about the motivations behind its removal.

The moderator's own statement, This thread has run its course. Thank you to those who contributed. Closing now, paradoxically announced a closure while actually deleting the entire thread. When the author later communicated a polite disagreement with this deletion, the response was even more severe - their entire Space.com account was banned and all previous posts were erased, suggesting a concerning intolerance for scientific debate on the platform.

Chapter 2.

Albert Einstein

Historical Investigation of His Conversion Into a Believer

The official narrative and one of the main arguments for why Albert Einstein gave up his theory for an ∞ infinite Universe and converted into a believer of the Big Bang theory is that Edwin Hubble showed in 1929 that the Universe was expanding through the Doppler interpretation of 🔴 redshift (chapter 1.2.), which forced Einstein to recognize that he was wrong.

This is the most beautiful and satisfactory explanation of creation to which I have ever listened. Einstein said, and he called his own theory for an ∞ infinite Universe the biggest blunder of his career.

(2014) Einstein's Lost Theory Describes a Universe Without a Big Bang Source: Discover Magazine

An examination of the history reveals that the official narrative is invalid and is directly derived from a media hype about Albert Einstein's supposed conversion of which there are indications that Einstein did not appreciate, as evidenced by his habitual misspelling of Edwin Hubble's name in a paper two years after Hubble's discovery - a detail that is at odds with Einstein's well-known meticulous work.

Einstein's paper titled Zum kosmologischen Problem (About the Cosmological Problem) mysteriously went missing and was later found in Jerusalem, a place of pilgrimage, while Einstein suddenly converted into a believer and would join a priest on a tour across the USA to promote the Big Bang theory.

A brief overview of the events that would lead to Einstein's conversion into a believer of the Big Bang theory:

Chapter 2.1.

1929: A Media Hype About Einstein's Conversion

Since 1929 there had been a major media hype about Albert Einstein that claimed that Einstein was converted into a believer due to the discovery by Edwin Hubble.

headlines across the country [USA] lit up, claiming that Albert Einstein had been converted to a believer in an expanding universe.

The media coverage at the time in 1929, especially in popular newspapers, used headlines like Einstein Converted by Hubble's Discovery or Einstein Admits Universe is Expanding.

Hubble's own hometown newspaper the Springfield Daily News headlined Youth Who Left Ozark Mountains [Hubble] to Study Stars Causes Einstein to Change His Mind.

Chapter 2.2.

1931: Einstein's Continued Rejection

The historical evidence shows that Einstein actively rejected the expanding universe theory in the years following the media hype about his conversion.

Two years after Hubble's discovery - [Einstein] highlighted a major shortcoming of the expanding universe theory.... This was a major sticking point for Einstein. ... Each time a physicist approached Einstein about it, he would dismiss the theory.

Chapter 2.3.

1931: Einstein's Mysteriously Lost Paper

In 1931 Albert Einstein submitted a paper titled Zum kosmologischen Problem (About the Cosmological Problem) to the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin to develop his theory for an ∞ infinite Universe by introducing a new cosmological model that would allow for the possibility of a non-expanding universe, directly contradicting the claims of the media hype about his conversion since 1929.

In this paper, which mysteriously went missing and was found in Jerusalem in 2013, Einstein habitually misspelled the name of Edwin Hubble, which he must have done on purpose when considering that Einstein was well-known for his meticulous work.

Chapter 2.4.

1932: Einstein's Conversion Into a Believer

Shortly after his paper went missing, Einstein was converted into a believer of the Big Bang theory and would join a Catholic priest on a tour across the USA to promote the theory, which indicates that ecclesiastical influence might have been at play.

After priest Georges Lemaître's spoke at a seminar in California in January 1933, Einstein did something dramatic - he stood up, applauded, and made what has become a famous statement: This is the most beautiful and satisfactory explanation of creation to which I have ever listened. and he called his own theory for an ∞ infinite Universe the biggest blunder of his career.

A shift from fiercely rejecting the Big Bang theory for years in a row, during a media hype about his supposed conversion, to active promotion by joining a priest on a country wide tour across the USA, is profound.

Einstein's conversion was pivotal in promoting the Big Bang theory.

Chapter 2.5.

Why?

Why did Albert Einstein call his theory for an ∞ infinite Universe his biggest blunder and convert to a promoter of the Big Bang theory and its correlated beginning of 🕒 time?

An investigation of the history of Albert Einstein's conversion might hold a key to profound philosophical insights, because Einstein was an active activist for world peace and his manuscript Theory for World Peace preceded the founding of the United Nations, which is explored in our article on 🕊️ Peace Theory on 🦋 GMODebate.org.

If Einstein made a conscious choice to deviate from scientific truth, what might his motivation have been?

Despite some obvious candidates, this question might have a far greater philosophical depth than one might expect because science might not be able to do better than embracing dogma as a fundamental ground for motivation.

Philosopher of science Stephen C. Meyer wrote in his book The Mystery of Life’s Origin that a primary motive at play, that might consciously favor dogmatic and even religious deviation, is scientific progress itself.

The adage: The primary problem is the motivation.

The priority that led to Einstein's decision from a personal perspective, despite the indications of ecclesiastical influence, might have been the prevention of the intellectual laziness inherent in the potential of the God did it argument.

Paradoxically, by embracing the religious beginning of time, Einstein would have been able to serve the primary interest of science to achieve scientific progress.

Chapter 3.

Beginning of 🕒 Time

A Case for Philosophy

Further reading is available in a 2024 essay on AEON about the philosophy behind the idea of a beginning of 🕒 time, which reveals that the case belongs to philosophy.

(2024) Scientists are no longer sure the Universe began with a big bang Source: AEON.co (PDF)

While science has been making its defense of Big Bang cosmology and its correlated beginning of time, academic philosophy has been doing the opposite and challenged the religious Kalam cosmological argument that poses that time has a beginning.

In a forum discussion about a paper titled Endless and ∞ infinite by philosophy professors Alex Malpass and Wes Morriston, a philosophy teacher from New York argued the following:

Chapter 3.1.1.

A Discussion About the Kalam Cosmological Argument

💬 Endless and ∞ infinite

Terrapin Station Terrapin Station:

... if there's an infinite amount of time prior to Tn then we can't get to Tn because you can't complete an infinity of time prior to Tn. Why not? Because infinity isn't a quantity or amount we can ever reach or complete.

... To get to any particular state, T, if there's an infinity of previous change states, it's not possible to arrive at T, because an infinity can't be completed to get to T.

Me:

You are defending the Kalam cosmological argument.

Terrapin Station:

I'm an atheist.

Me:

If you would argue that you are the Pope, it would make no difference when it concerns the examination of the validity of your reasoning.

If a Kalamist would make the exact same argument as you, would it be different?

Source: 💬 Online Philosophy Club

The paper Endless and ∞ infinite was published in Philosophical Quarterly. A follow up of the paper titled All the time in the world was published in Oxford's Mind journal.

(2020) Endless and ∞ infinite Source: Blog of Professor Malpass | Philosophical Quarterly | Follow up in Oxford's Mind journal

Chapter 4.

Conclusion

The Timescape theory is proposed as a foundational change agent for cosmology, without a reference to 🔴 tired light theory. In light of the history of the origin of the Big Bang theory that Timescape theory aspires to challenge, this should be questioned.

Cosmic Philosophy

Share your insights and comments with us at info@cosphi.org.

Printed on December 26, 2024

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